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COLITIS
AVOID
Foods that provoke symptoms
Alcohol in all forms
Colitis, also called ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes bleeding ulcers in the colon and rectum. Symptomatic flare-ups alternate with periods of symptom-free remission. In mild cases of colitis, patients may have normal bowel movements with a mucous discharge; more commonly, the disease also causes abdominal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When the disease is severe, violent and persistent bloody diarrhea is accompanied by fever, malaise, loss of appetite and weight, and anemia.
FOODS AND COLITIS
Modification of the diet is a mainstay of colitis treatment. Because people vary greatly in their response to foods, each person must develop an eating plan based on personal experience.
Start a food diary. Fundamental to the diet plan is food diary that lets the patient key symptoms to specific foods. It is also important to consult a qualified dietitian to ensure good nutrition. Vitamin and mineral supplements are often needed to compensate for a restricted diet and possible absorption problems.
Avoid caffeine.Depending on how your intestines react, you may want to avoid caffeinated drinks, decaffeinated coffee and colas, alcohol, spicy foods and seasonings vegetables tha may produce gas.
Stay clear of dairy products. many people with uncreative colitis have an intolerance to dairy products during symptom flare-ups; some, however, can use lactose-free products.
Load up on protein and other nutrients. The diet should provide enough calories, protein, and other nutrient to make up for the limitations. Red meat, especially liver, is an important source of iron for people who are constantly losing blood from the bowel. Eat as much as you want of pureed, canned, or soft-cooked vegetables and fruits that are strained to remove seeds and skins.
In severe cases, liquid diets given orally, or intravenously, or by a nasogastric tube, may be necessary to prevent malnutrition. Liquid supplement drinks provide protein, vitamins, and minerals-helpful nutrition during a flare-up.
DRUG THERAPY
The first medication usually tried with ulcerative colitis is 5-aminosalicylic acid, often in combination with a 5-ASA derivative such as sulfasalazine. These drugs reduce inflammation. Anyone taking these medications should consume folate-rich foods, such as liver and leafy greens. Patients who do not respond to this therapy are treated with steroids, usually prednisone or hydrocortisone, which can be given orally, through an enema, or as a suppository. Long-term cortisone therapy can cause weight gain, thinning of the bones, and high blood pressure, so patients have to be carefully monitored. Because steroids promote the retention of fluids, patients taking these medicines should reduce their salt intake; they may also need extra calcium o prevent osteoporosis.