MALARIA LIKE NOT STAY CLEAN OF THE LAND, CITY, OFFICE, HOME, WATER, GARDEN,ETC...
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MALARIA LIKE STAY DIRTY, UNCLEAN ...
Lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses can be protected against, by taking one or two simple precautions, before, and during your holidays. Many holidaymakers become obsessed with an irrational fear of being bitten by a malaria mosquito, or being felled by a tummy bug, and so fail to enjoy their holiday.
Whilst Lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses can kill, there are sensible precautions that can be taken after identifying and assessing the real risk factors
There are three main sources of Lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses
INSECT BORNE TROPICAL DISEASES LACK OF SANITATION CAUSES TROPICAL DISEASES HUMAN CONTACT AND TROPICAL DISEASES
1. Malaria
Malaria is one of the tropical diseases that is widespread in tropical regions.
Infection occurs after a bite from an infected anopheles mosquito.
Protection: preventative medication (malaria prophylaxis).
The type of prophylaxis prescribed will depend upon your ultimate travel destination and any stopovers.
Further precautions are the wearing of clothing that covers the arms and legs and the use of insect repellents and mosquito nets.
Malaria Prevention
Malaria is caught from the bite of an infected mosquito.
It is a disease of the blood.
The mosquitoes do not buzz, and often have a painless bite.
2. Hepatitis A
This is Infectious jaundice, and it is important that you understand the causes:
Increased risk in areas with poor sanitation, which means most of the third world, makes this one of the commonest tropical diseases.
Infection occurs through contact with contaminated faeces, water (including ice cubes) and food.
Protection:
Vaccination
Preliminary vaccinations with an interval of 2-4 weeks provide immunity for approx.1 year; a booster after 6-12 months then provides immunity for several years.
Administration of immunoglobulin shortly before travel.
3. Yellow fever:
This disease is prevalent in some regions of Africa and South America, and vaccination is required for entry to these countries. Don't forget to check if you are making stopovers en route: many countries require visitors to be vaccinated if they have previously visited a country where yellow fever is prevalent.
4. Polio
Polio occurs worldwide, though incidence is greater in countries with a generally low standard of health where a comprehensive vaccination programme has not been implemented.
Infection occurs through contact with a carrier of the virus, primarily through contact with faeces, though sometimes via contaminated food and drinking water.
Protection:
Vaccination or booster (in oral form or by injection).
5. Diphtheria
Occurs worldwide, primarily during the colder months in temperate zones.
Recent increased incidence in the CIS countries.
Spread by airborne infection.
Protection:
Vaccination or booster, usually in combination with tetanus vaccine.
6. Meningococcal meningitis:
This disease can, and does, occur anywhere in the world. Recent epidemics in numerous African regions and lately also in Nepal and India.
Protection
Vaccination: particularly recommended for long-stay visitors to epidemic areas.
7. Typhoid, Paratyphoid:
Common infections in many hot countries, makes it one of the higher risk tropical diseases.
Infection via contaminated food and water.
Protection
Careful hygiene and vaccination by mouth or injection.
8. Cholera
Infection from low standards of hygiene where cholera is endemic.
Protection
Vaccination against cholera is not obligatory for international travel.
The vaccine does not protect against infection, though it can prevent outbreak of the disease in individual cases.
A cholera vaccination can be advisable for individuals travelling to areas with low standards of hygiene where cholera is endemic.
If in doubt, consult your doctor.
9. Tetanus
"Lockjaw".
Widespread internationally.
Infection occurs via contaminated wounds.
Protection:
Vaccination (booster every 10 years), usually in combination with diphtheria.
We have now dealt with the first two parts of the causes of lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses, and as a reminder they are listed below
INSECT BORNE TROPICAL DISEASES
LACK OF SANITATION CAUSES MANY TROPICAL DISEASES
I have deliberately left to the last, the details on the prevention of lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses from HUMAN CONTACT.
In some of these areas as many as three quarters of both male and female prostitutes are already infected with HIV.
AIDS and hepatitis B can also be spread through the use of shared or dirty needles and syringes. If you need regular injections for health reasons, make sure you take an adequate supply of sterile syringes on holiday with you.
However, you cannot catch HIV from kissing, stroking, or massage.
The only way of protecting yourself from infection with HIV, hepatitis B and other sexually transmitted diseases is by always using a suitable condom - and using it correctly - during sexual intercourse.
If you don't want to rule out a sexual adventure while on holiday, make sure that you take enough condoms away with you. The condoms available at your holiday destination, if any, may be of bad quality and therefore unsafe.
HIV cannot be passed on by normal everyday contact with infected persons, so there is no need to worry about using cutlery, bed linen, beds, bathrooms and WCs, swimming pools etc. during your holiday.
To summarise this article on THE PREVENTION of lethal communicable tropical diseases and viruses BE SENSIBLE, UNDERSTAND THAT TROPICAL DISEASES AWAIT THE UNWARY, SO BE AWARE, VIGILANT, TAKE PRECAUTIONS.
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